Resources on Complementary Protection

Case law:

Legislation:

 European Union:

  • Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on Standards for the Qualification of Third-Country Nationals or Stateless Persons as Beneficiaries of International Protection, for a Uniform Status for Refugees or for Persons Eligible for Subsidiary Protection, and for the Content of the Protection Granted (Recast), OJ 2011 No. L 337/9 (esp arts 2(f) and 15)
  • Original Directive: Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004 on minimum standards for the qualification and status of third country nationals or stateless persons as refugees or as persons who otherwise need international protection and the content of the protection granted (esp arts 2(e), 15) (HTML / PDF)
  • For a document explaining the differences between the original and recast versions of the Qualification Directive, see here

 Canada:

 United States:

 Australia:

New Zealand:

UN General Comments:

 Commentary on the Australian Bill/Act:

Books and reports:

Articles: